Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Perhaps the most important feature of the panopticon was that it was specifically designed so that the prisoner could never be sure whether they were being observed at any moment.
Page contact: 200-27) and 'Le panoptisme' (pp.

As well, it was applied non-uniformly and haphazardly. The individuality that discipline constructs (for the bodies it controls) has four characteristics, namely it makes individuality which is: We shall look at how, in his theoretical writing, he retells dramatic and sometimes shocking examples or anecdotes from the archives to help convey his point; we shall also discuss the relationship with the reader which this particular writing strategy implies.

Discipline, he suggests, developed a new economy and politics for bodies.

Foucault wants to tie scientific knowledge and technological development to the development of the prison to prove this point. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (French: Surveiller et punir : Naissance de la prison) is a 1975 book by the French philosopher Michel Foucault.It is an analysis of the social and theoretical mechanisms behind the changes that occurred in Western penal systems during the modern age based on historical documents from France. Thus, he argues, the public execution was ultimately an ineffective use of the body, qualified as non-economical. Therefore, he argues, discipline created a whole new form of individuality for bodies, which enabled them to perform their duty within the new forms of economic, political, and military organizations emerging in the modern age and continuing to today.

He argues that the public spectacle of torture and execution was a theatrical forum, the original intentions of which eventually produced several unintended consequences. The sovereign was not concerned with demonstrating the ground for the enforcement of its laws, but of identifying enemies and attacking them, the power of which was renewed by the ritual of investigation and the ceremony of public torture.Public torture and execution was a method the sovereign deployed to express his or her power, and it did so through the ritual of investigation and the ceremony of execution—the reality and horror of which was supposed to express the omnipotence of the sovereign but actually revealed that the sovereign's power depended on the participation of the people. He looks at the development of highly refined forms of discipline, of discipline concerned with the smallest and most precise aspects of a person's body.

As a philosopher with an acute historical sense, Foucault is also concerned to understand how these modes of thinking and experiencing have changed through time.As well as being a philosopher with a keen sense of history, Foucault is often described as a 'theorist', a producer of theoretical writing. Prison was preceded by a different form of public spectacle. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (French: Surveiller et punir : Naissance de la prison) is a 1975 book by the French philosopher Michel Foucault.It is an analysis of the social and theoretical mechanisms behind the changes that occurred in Western penal systems during the modern age based on historical documents from France. 29, 1. It allowed for constant observation characterized by an "unequal gaze"; the constant possibility of observation. Il publie Surveiller et Punir : naissance de la prison en 1975. Foucault (1926-1984) was, by training, a philosopher, although much of his published work is both philosophical and profoundly historical in character. The unequal gaze caused the internalization of disciplinary individuality, and the docile body required of its inmates.

Foucault, Surveiller et punir. Foucault begins by contrasting two forms of penalty: the violent and chaotic public torture of He believes that the question of the nature of these changes is best asked by assuming that they were not used to create a more humanitarian penal system, nor to more exactly punish or rehabilitate, but as part of a continuing trajectory of subjection.

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