Experiments measuring the plasma opacity in the visible show that inverse bremsstrahlung is the dominant absorption mechanism in Al plasmas with n e ≈ 10 20 cm −3 and T e ≈ 2-6 eV and that the optical depth of these plasmas is on the order of 100μm. ITER's huge plasma volume will enable it to produce, for the first time, a "burning plasma" in which the majority of the heating needed to sustain the fusion reaction is produced by the alpha particles generated during the fusion process itself. Scroll … The temperatures inside the ITER Tokamak must reach 150 million degrees Celsius—or ten times the temperature at the core of the Sun—in order for the gas in the vacuum chamber to reach the plasma state and for the fusion reaction to occur. See The Tokamak Building will be slightly taller than the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

The production and control of such a self-heated plasma has been the goal of magnetic fusion research for more than 50 years.Keep in touch with ITER through our main news feed, sent weekly.Learn more about the ITER Project by subscribing to this quarterly online magazine that is geared toward the general public.Stay informed about the ITER Open Doors sessions and be among the first to subscribe to the next event.An introduction to the project's goals, history, organization, location...One million components, ten million parts — find out more about the ITER Tokamak and its systems.Bringing a star to Earth?
Two families of external heating methods—neutral beam injection and high-frequency electromagnetic waves—will complement ohmic heating to bring the ITER plasma to temperature.Neutral beam injection consists in shooting high energy particles into the plasma. Plasmas are very tenuous environments, nearly one million times less dense than the air we breathe.

The structure of the ITER central solenoid—the large, 1,000-tonne electromagnet in the centre of the machine—must be strong enough to contain a force equivalent to twice the thrust of the Space Shuttle at take-off. Outside of the tokamak, charged deuterium particles are accelerated to the required energy level. These accelerated ions then pass through an "ion beam neutralizer" where their electrical charge is removed. Ultimately, researchers hope to achieve a "Keep in touch with ITER through our main news feed, sent weekly.Learn more about the ITER Project by subscribing to this quarterly online magazine that is geared toward the general public.Stay informed about the ITER Open Doors sessions and be among the first to subscribe to the next event.An introduction to the project's goals, history, organization, location...One million components, ten million parts — find out more about the ITER Tokamak and its systems.Bringing a star to Earth? The maximum plasma volume in tokamaks operating today is 100 cubic metres—reached in both Europe's JET and Japan's JT-60. The plasma particles are heated—that is, sped up—by different types of auxiliary heating methods until they are possessed of a formidable amount of energy. ITER ("The Way" in Latin) is one of the most ambitious energy projects in the world today. Explore the science of ITER.Follow the construction of the world's largest tokamak in southern France.The latest photos, videos and publications from the ITER Organization.In the heart of the Korean tokamak KSTAR, a plasma pulse burns brightly. The scale and scope of the ITER Project rank it among the most ambitious science endeavors of our time. Some 400,000 tonnes will rest on the lower basemat of the Tokamak Complex, including the buildings, the 23,000-tonne machine and equipment. Two families of external heating methods—neutral beam injection and high-frequency electromagnetic waves—will complement ohmic heating to bring the ITER plasma to temperature. Building is underway now on the ITER scientific installation in Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France. A third source of heat—high frequency electromagnetic waves—is planned into the design of the ITER Tokamak to boost temperatures to the required 150 million °C.In the same way that microwaves transfer heat to food in a microwave oven, the energy carried by high-frequency waves introduced into the plasma is transferred to the charged particles, increasing the velocity of their chaotic motion, and at the same time their temperature.

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